if you intend to leave it in the planter - as in above ground planter - all winter i suspect that no species of bamboo will survive. if you intend to provide winter shelter then there are more attractive, easier to find species to try. if you find someone with aureosulcata - very common bamboo in cold areas - and there is likely some near you, then you could plant it now, let it die off, get more in early spring each year etc. bamboo is just unlikely to survive the rhizomes getting that cold. in a planter you are at least 1 zone colder.

(I don't know anything about bamboo - EXCEPT - in Philadelphia, it is not uncommon to see it in whiskey barrel typle planters on the sidewalk - year after year, overwintering.)