That doesn't look too shady for most bamboo, particularly when it gets above the fence line and the leaves can pick up more solar energy. The space you have is adequate and rhizome barrier will work just fine. However, it won't do much in the ground over the winter, so I suggest you wait until spring. You might consider any of the Phyllostachys species, or Semiarundinaria fastuosa, which grows tall and narrow, making it a good choice for a hedge bamboo. You could also consider Pseudosasa japonica (Arrow bamboo), which is particularly shade tolerant.

I think any of the big leaf species such as phyllostachys dulcis, phyllostachys prominens, or phyllostachys shanghai III would do fine.

I have them in my collection, but not available at the moment, but I think on the bambooweb forums, you should be able to get some of those off of someone even within driving distance for big divisions which can really cut down the time to getting a nice screen.

Digging some out in the spring right before shooting season would be the best, and I'm pretty sure there are people with established bamboos in your general area or state.

Thanks to you both for your suggestions. I'll check around and see what I can find locally- definitely looking forward to spring!