I can't answer your queston, but I planted my seeds as soon as I got them and I had almost all sprout. Still got about 20 after giving many away.

It is one of the Ferocactus. Fresh seeds are fine to sow, and they also usually last a bit. Sowing now is fine, just remember that most cactus seedlings can't stand drought. Also, if they turn red, decrease the amount of light. Feros grow quite easily from seed and grow fast at first. You can expect a dime sized plant the first year, maybe a little more if conditions allow. For a species name, the parent plant looks like F. cylindraceus, especially if the flowers were yellow. Could also maybe be something like an old hystrix. When you look for Fero pics for ID, the color of the spine and the amount of hook to the tip of the central spine are reliable clues. Many Feros have a decided hook to the central (much more than your photo shows), and many (most?) have spines that start out red. Also, just about all Feros have that transverse ridge on the central spine (ridges going the width of the spine). Missing from a few with the twisted spines usually.