Not sure my my answer will be exactly helpful but...

When I want more lupine in the garden I simply press the seed into the ground as soon as they are dry in the pod, like yours. They usually bloom second or third year (mostly second though). I don't think you could get blooms next year (even chilling/planting now) unless you had a greenhouse to speed up the process. You might (might I have never tried it before, so can't say with any certainty) be able to get blooms next year by propagating your lupine via basal cuttings. That or buy blooming plants next year, lol ;-)

Here is a link: how to do basal cuttings of lupine
CMK