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bfff_tx

Any advice on strange Larkspur phenomenon

bfff_tx
18 years ago

I have two rows of really really nice seemingly healthy medium sized Larkspur plants growing and rosetting nicely. One row has had small amounts of very well composted horse manure mixed with straw added to it, the other row nothing.

I cannot explain why but on a daily basis I'm finding two problems with the plants in both rows. There are those plants that look a bit wilted and when I lift them they just come away at soil level, like they've been eaten through by something just below the soil and then there are those that just drop their lower branches and then those above them fall off too.

I've gently dug around the main stem looking for any kind of cut worm or soil hidden bug that might be causing the damage but to no available. I found one plant today that looked like it had been eaten into but the very lower section of the main stem was dark coloured possibly soggy/rotten looking just above the root but the root is really healthy and white. This is not a symptom of all the plants.

We've had alot of rain in the past few days down here but the soil is quick draining and I wasn't giving them alot of water prior to the rain since I know Larkspur don't like wet feet.

Anybody got any ideas and/or solutions that I can look into please. Last year I babied my Larkspur, over fertilized and killed most of them, this year, I thought I'd let them do their own thing, they are beautiful plants but it's like they've got die back. I seeded them heavily with an earthway, 4 rows wide in a bed probably spaced at max two-four inches apart. The beds they are growing in now had Zinnias in them this past summer.

Any advice would be greatly appreciated.

Thanks folks.

Kim - Billabong Fresh Flower Farm

Comments (5)

  • honeybunny442
    18 years ago

    It sounds like botyritis (sp?) to me. I think the symptoms are dark at the soil line, wilting, and death. You can google it but I think there are sprays for it. If I remember correctly good air circulation helps prevent it.

    But my class was a year ago, so I may be totally wrong. Sorry to hear of your trouble, anyhow, Kim!
    Susan

  • flowerfarmer
    18 years ago

    I suspect what you have, Kim, is a case of Southern blight fungus Sclerotium rolfsii. According to the research at the University of Maryland this condition can be a serious problem in field-grown larkspur. The fungus remains in the upper inches of field soil and is only active during periods of hot weather when soil temperatures rise into the 70s. The fungus attacks the plant at the soil surface, causing a rapid wilt and crown rot of individual scattered plants in the field. Close inspection of wilting plants will find white whefts of mycelium on the stem, often webbing soil particles. The small (1/8 to 1/4") spherical, white to brown sclerotia are formed on stems and soil. Prescence of this sclerotia is diagnostic of Southern blight.

    The management practices to reduce Southern blight would be:
    1) Deep tillage, which buries the sclerotia and this will reduce the disease because the sclerotia require warmth and oxygen to grown. (I am assuming the area where you planted the larkspur wasn't tilled.)
    2) Incorporating organic matter will help by promoting decay of the sclerotia during the fall, winter, and spring.
    Wilting plants should be removed to reduce further increase of disease in the field. Fungicide controls and biological agents that decay the sclerotia are in development; however, not yet available.

    Trish

  • bfff_tx
    Original Author
    18 years ago

    Thanks for the responses thus far, any other's?
    Ms Susan - it's possible for it to be botryitis (sp?) or some other soil born fungus as after posting the message I did a bunch of reading in various cut flower resources and although, they were seeded in raised soil and I've been holding back the water, we down here have been having some really out of season weather and it's possible with the warmer temps, higher humidity and now abundance of rain that my problems stem from fungal bodies.

    Trish - there is absolutely no indication of white anything at the problem plants stems. I'm thinking some kind of fungal/viral problem, I was looking for specifics and possible specific solutions. The beds were tilled 6-8" and cleaned up after last sumnmer's plantings and then tilled again, so I don't know if that will affect the statement made by UofM

    If it is fungal problem, anybody got advice on what reducion to uje

    Thnaks for yor input Ceers Kiim

  • flowerfarmer
    18 years ago

    FWIW: Botrytis and Sclerotina are related fungi. Botrytis cinerea is the asexual state of Sclerotina. Both fungi are usually found when the season changes from winter to spring.

    Botrytis blight is common on dahlia, fuchsia, geranium, poinsettia, pansy and lisianthus.

    Sclerotinia crown rot, (which shows up as white to brown on stems), is found primarily on these cutflower varieties as stem or crown rot: lilies, wallflower, pansy, stock and larkspur.

    Because we grow lilies, dahlias, lisianthus, stock and larkspur in hightunnels, we have to be constantly on the lookout for fungal disease.

    From your post it sounds as if you are asking for a fungicide recommendation. We, of course, cannot do that. Affected plants are always immediately removed and properly destroyed as to not infect other plants.

    If you have a Department of Agriculture or Extension Office of a university's Horticulture Department near, you should probably call or take a plant to them. We are fortunate to have both; and, these people are very helpful.

    Trish

  • bfff_tx
    Original Author
    18 years ago

    Trish
    Thankyou so much for your second response. The info you provided is greatly appreciated. I think now that I re-read my message, I must have been falling asleep at the keyboard noting the time I typed it. I'm not sure what I was asking for in that last sentence. That's not normally like me, I learnt to touch-type when I was 18 yrs old then spent the next 12 years working with keyboards so I'm no beginner.

    I may have been asking if there was anything (chemical product) that can be applied to the soil to prevent or slow down the problem.?
    I have been removing the affected plants as I find them.
    Sun's shining again so hopefully the ground'll dry out a bit b/4 the next lot of rain.
    Thanks again Trish.
    Cheers - Kim