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Growing in a high tunnel
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Posted by jrslick 5 KS (My Page) on Mon, Mar 10, 08 at 11:37
| I have been growing vegetables for Farmers Market for 3 years now. Over the last year I have become very interested in High Tunnels or hoop buildings. I am going to build two tunnels this year. One is going to house tomatos and the other cucumbers. From my reading, these are two of the most profitable crops to grow in a high tunnel outside of flowers. My question is who has done this and is there any advice for a novice with lots of growing experience? When can I start planting out? Our last FF day is usually the end of April. I will be building these building next week, during my spring break (I am a teacher for a full time job).
My two hoop buildings are going to be 12 by 16 and 8 by 12 or 16. My wife thinks I am crazy and I want to prove her wrong! I know that this is going to work, but any help will be appreciated. |
Follow-Up Postings:
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| The tomatoes may or may not be profitable depending on your heating cost . Cucumbers are likely to not be profitable . Around here 95 percent is tomatoes with only a few cukes |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| Toughboy- I am not planning on heating these structures. I am just trying to get started 2-4 weeks earlier. I do have a source of heat, if during that time it gets too cold. I have read that it is possible to do this. The only real expense I have is the plastic and my time. I have been able to round up the supplies, for free, or I have left over supplies to build them. Around here, very few people have tomatoes to sell before July 4th. Last year, I pushed it and was able to sell a few tomatoes on the 6th. This was the first day of our market. I got starting date of the market to move up to the 21st of June this year. I want to try to capture a larger part of the early market. I also want to start gaining customers earlier. I have a large base of loyal customers, but I want to grow my piece of the market. |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| I think you'd be best served by checking with your extension agent or actually contacting the horticulture department at your main land grant college to see who is doing high tunnel in KS. When you find out, call them and then take a road trip. Those folks will be your best line of information. I'm still working 40 hours a week in addition to marketing and haven't ventured into high or low tunnels yet. I know there are some folks here in KY doing it but can't give you any advice. Janet |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| I'm a market farmer. I grow in hoop houses and as of last fall, a four season garden. I can offer a little bit of help. We still have 2' of hard pack snow on the ground. The soil temp in my gh was 40° first thing this morning. The overnight low was 9°. I don't have anything planted in the spot I've stuck the thermometer so there isn't any row cover. I haven't put down the black plastic yet. At 3 pm the soil temp was 60°. There's a 2° gain over yesterday's temp. We have snow in tomorrow's forecast so there won't be much sun after early morning. I expect the soil to lose those 2°. Start keeping track of your soil temperature now and find out what soil temperature tomatoes and cucumbers need before being transplanted. I started tomato, eggplant and pepper seeds today. They'll be transplanted in late April, about five weeks earlier than the plants that will be planted in the open field. If the soil warms sooner I'll transplant sooner. Depending on how the lettuces, spinach, beet greens and other greens are doing, I might pull them ahead of time and put down IRT to help warm the soil. I'll see what's what when the time comes. This will be the earliest I've been able to plant warm crops so I'm winging it this year. I'll start the seeds for European cucumbers three weeks before I plan to transplant them. If it gets too cold outside you can wrap your transplant in heavy weight floating row cover to help keep the warmth in. I'll wrap a layer of IRT over the row cover before that drop to help add warmth. The dark color of the IRT will help. I let the seedling house where my tomato, pepper and eggplant seedlings are growing go down to 40° overnight. I prefer 45° but sometimes I miscalculate the heater in the seedling house. Are you going to use your hoops during the winter? We've eaten fresh greens all winter. What a treat! It took very little time over the winter to tend to the greens. |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| We put up our first tunnel this past fall. I have been amazed at what it produced November - now. It's great over the cold months for lettuces, greens and radishes. I plan to put my early tomatoes out next week. I have consistently had soil temp all winter in the 60's and higher. Here is a website you might want to check out. www.Hightunnels.org. |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| I think your on the right track about getting earlier crops . If you don't heat the high tunnels in most years you will gain 2 weeks on outdoor crops some years more . There are many websites with budgets for high tunnel tomatoes including one from Kansas State . Personnally I don't like the flavor of most high tunnel tomatoes and they spoil the customers with their pefect appearence . Yes I have had customers turn down field tomatoes and even stop buyimg from me just over appearence . I am just talking minor imperfections . So I try to get the earliest field tomatoes I can even if planting to early means I lose some . Always have backup plants . Most years I gain 2 weeks on most competitors . Another thing that will get you earlier fruit is to use plants from larger containers . Even when we had 25 degrees on may 24 the plants still came back . Work with microclimates and using row covers and irrigation for dammage control does work . But you have to stay up some nights and be ready for surprises . High tunnels are great for cool weather crops and some but not all flowers . Growing something like lisianthus that does not do well outside can be a real moneymaker . I think heirloom tomatoes crack much less because you can control moisture and peppers will turn red earlier as summer crops . It certainly is nice to have the first summer crops even sqaush and beans but will it make you more money ? I am not sure about that . If you can use a wood stove and plant 6 to 8 weeks early you should get much more profit out of it if you get the wood for free . But that works better in larger high tunnels The problem with small high tunnels is there just isn't as much ground to store the heat and the temperature will drop quicker . I would have a heater even a small space heater ready for those high tunnels you have |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| I have been doing high tunnels for around 12 years. Tomatoes are tricky. I get them about a week earlier than the tomatoes that do not go in the hoop house. Tomatoes really need supplemental heat to do well. I have had really good luck with getting melons (cantaloupe, galia, charentais), cucumbers, zucchini early from hoop houses. Strawberries have been another real winner for us. We put hoop houses over the berry beds in Feb or March and that gets them to flower 6 to 8 weeks early and we start getting everbearing strawberries in late April. I have found it is better to put hoop houses over tomatoes in Sept. to extend the season into November/December. Our hoop houses are 24' x 50' or 100' lengths. You should check out http://www.hightunnels.org out of KSU. Loads of information and lots of invites to trials and tours around Kansas. |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| Think a bit about size of the tunnels. You'll likely find you've been too conservative. Vine crops will fill a 12x16 pretty quickly. If the project is working for one thing, you'll undoubtedly think of others you'd like to try!!! |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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Hey jrslick, I'm in Kansas too (KC). I've been market gardening for 3 years now (CNG). I have been interested in high tunnel too because of season extension possibilities but looking more at lettuces and other cool crops that can be grown into November (possibly December) and starting earlier in late February, etc. The lady that advised about going to the K-State was right on. They have lots of information and have been very helpful for me. SARE recently gave a grant to one of our local farmers who was experimenting with getting a jump on the season with bitter melon. Let me know how things go for you because we are in the same state. I have a full-time job so only have so many hours to devote to my small farm but want to make it my main job some day. Good luck! Tom |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| Tom, The high tunnel was great this year. I had tons of rough weather, but it survived (with a few stitches!) I grew 35 tomatoes in it and sold 700 pounds of tomatoes off of them. I started picking on July 4th and went through August. I could of had them earlier if I suckered them. I was selling them for $3.00 a pound for 3 weeks then went down to $2.50. I am going to do it again next year! Jay |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| We picked our first cherry tomatoes from the gh on June 30 and larger in July. If it hadn't been for the unheated gh this year we wouldn't have had cherry toms until August and full-sized tomatoes until early September. I've made notes on changes for 2009 and am looking forward to it already. Fall/winter crops are going into the gh now. |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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Wow Jay! That's great! Did you buy plans or kits for the hoop houses/high tunnels or are you doing them from scratch. I am interested in making a hoop house. I've got plenty of room. You're not heating yours right? thx, Tom |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| the advantage to the unheated greenhouse is control over the weather, not just the cold but too muh rain, hail etc. is best if u have automated power ventlation. works well for me my next experiment will be to bottom heat the tomatoes in the root zone with a hot water tank and a circulating pump. with a row cover in the gh it coul give a seriouse jump 3 or 3 weeks enough to get top prices for a few weeks before others. peppers do very well they love the heat. has to be a big enough space to asorb plenty of heat and u need space i grow my tomatoes single stem on 8 inch spacing up a string rows from 28 to 36 inches apart. |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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| Tom: I did not use a kit, I used a plans and modified it to fit my needs and supply budget. I do not heat it. I did add some heat when the temp dropped down to 28 outside. It was a very strange spring. Even with the 28 outside, in never got below 40 inside. Jay |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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Hi Again Jay, Do you have any recommendations for plans? Did you make your own plans or did you purchase them or find them for free on the Internet or some other resource? thx, Tom |
RE: Growing in a high tunnel
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do a search & check out the growing techniques of Will Allen urban farmer/Milwaukee he recently received a grant from the MacArthur Foundation for his organic proven gardening methods |
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