-High bush or half-high bush blueberries provide blooms, fruit, and autumn color if your part of MN has acid soil. -There are several other native Viburnums besides high bush cranberry that could be used such as V. acerifolium which likes shade or V. lentago or V. recognitum. All also have short-term spring blooms, fruit and fall color. -Aronia (chokeberry) also has blooms, berries and fall color. -Bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica) has nicely scented foliage and waxy gray berries that provide early spring food for birds -Winterberry holly (Ilex verticillata) has smooth green deciduous leaves and holds its bright berries on bare stems through most of the fall around here. -Crabapples might not work in your hedgerow, though I have a couple of bird-planted ones growing in quite a bit of shade, but they provide food in early spring as they thaw for robins, grouse, and cedar waxwings IME. -Pagoda dogwood also might be a bit large but has the same combination of spring flowers (small and lacy not like typical flowering dogwoods), bird-friendly fruit, and nice fall color. Several of these plants have 1 sex per plant (holly, many Viburnums, and the bayberry) so you will need to have both sexes for fruit. These are all plants that grow well for me in half-day sun, give or take a bit, but you are a bit colder and so should check hardiness. I have several of the plants already on your list, including elderberries, Techny arborvitae, Juneberry (Amalanchier), and hazelnut, some growing wild and some planted in garden areas. All are doing well.

I've never seen as much effect on wildlife due to plant selection as I have with garden practices. Most any flowering plant attracts nectar/pollen collectors, but beyond that... Leaving leaf litter/seed pods under trees creates a habitat for bugs, from bacteria on up to the larger bugs which birds and lizards eat. Basically composting in place and the birds turn the compost for you. Adding water like Toucan said, but water features specifically for wildlife. Like a shallow pan for bird bathing in addition to drinking. That will also provide water for other creatures. Birds don't like cover near the water where cats can hide but they do like branches nearby where they can stage and check for predators before moving to the water. And also water in the landscape. Some higher water plants means moist ground, more insects, more food for wildlife. True desert landscapes don't generate a like of life compared to when water is added. Rocks/rock piles for lizards, crickets and other bugs. Add some wood in there and some plants on top with added water and you have a good insect producer. Shade I think increases insect production and therefore wildlife. These things are more a all year. more wildlife type thing. A plant that generates berries for example provide a really short window of food for wildlife while habitat is an all year type thing.

Several of my planting areas are under a huge oak tree that drops millions of acorns every year and I'm constantly pulling the sprouts. Haven't found a thickness of mulch/leaves yet that will prevent this, aside from just burying the plants. I do try to keep a bit of space around something like a knockout rose so I can reach in to pull sprouts, which is necessary to do often, weekly, so nothing becomes an infestation or too well-rooted to come out. You may want to use an organic smother layer (that can be left in place to decompose) wherever there's space. Just don't let stuff drop ripe seeds and you'll stay ahead of the curve, except those darn tree sprouts. IME, tree sprouts are the most constant and prolific weed of most gardens, and pulling them often is just a requirement if you don't want your beds to quickly turn into a young forest. A tree doesn't need to be invasive or 'trash' to bless you with a million sprouts.

Since you have such a long space between your house and the back fence, I'd suggest putting in at least one fast-growing shade tree somewhere where it won't hurt anything much if it falls during a storm. My first thought looking at that is "it needs shade trees." After all, hummers & birds need a place to nest. I like Yaardvark's idea, but I'd bring the shade trees more toward the front so humans and animals can benefit from them. Research deer-resistant plants, because you're likely to have some out there. Also, include a water feature, maybe under one of the shade trees, so wildlife will have water during dry spells. Some animals won't drink from moving water, so keep that in mine, and shallow places with rocks for bees, butterflies & dragonflies.