This is normal for newly planted peonies. They can take up to three years to bloom. I have a peony I planted two years ago and I only had one bloom on it this year. :^(

You could also try gently digging away a little dirt from the crown too. It also depends on the variety of peony they are, some just take longer to get established than others.
Good luck!
Laurie

bludog......how can one tell if your plants were planted correctly except by how they bloom....and you say the one plant did bloom. So, why would you take a chance to lose bloom by what you are thinking.

If the clump you divided from your neighbor was not blooming well, then what you did by cutting it into smaller plants was the right thing to do. Hopefully, each piece had sufficient buds to promote new shoots.

I would suggest you give the plants at least another year to show what they can do. If you can resist the urge to topress the plants, you might try to remove some soil from around the plant...and deeply sink into it some rich, compost, heavy on the organic side......but...DON'T change the depth the plant is in by putting soil around its base.
Otherwise, remove an inch, replace an inch.