I have noticed the same with my Rudbeckia triloba. I have been told that Rudbeckias are generally short lived perennials. Mine reseed themselves, even out into the lawn, but it is a bit jarring to see a tall flowering plant one year and just basal leaves the next.

I have not seen any reseeding up here this far north. I would like to have a whole flock of them!
Is there anyone else out there with R. maxima can give me some idea what happens with them?

R. maxima is native to the southern states, and although it will grow much further north, it's winter temp tolerance is -23F. If winters in your area get colder than that, it may be that the plants are being winter killed and the basal leaves are new seedlings.

Here is a link that might be useful: R. Maxima

I've considered them to be biennial and have to drop seed from the tall seed head to their feet to encourage more plants! The most I've seen blooming at same time is three. LOL
Sharon in Zone 5a Central Ontario

Ok then, I guess I'm not alone having problems with it. I'm trying really hard to get more plants but haven't figured out the germination needs yet.
I have a plant that bloomed last year and only produced basal leaves this year - until 3 weeks ago it shot up a stalk like it was going to bloom now. Sorry but you're not in Alabama anymore.